Are you aware of the rising cases of the highly contagious “slapped cheek” disease among children? The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a health alert warning about the increasing infections caused by the human parvovirus B19, which is the culprit behind this disease. In fact, the United States and several European countries have reported a substantial rise in parvovirus B19 infections.
The seasonal illness, also known as fifth disease, spreads easily through coughs and sneezes, resulting in facial rashes in children. While the symptoms are usually mild in healthy children, pregnant women and individuals with weakened immune systems are at a higher risk. The CDC has noticed a significant increase in fifth disease cases, especially among children aged 5 to 9.
Why is it sometimes called fifth disease?
Parvovirus B19 infections got the name “fifth disease” because historically, it was the fifth on the list of common childhood rashes. The virus can cause a distinctive red rash on children’s cheeks, giving rise to the colloquial name “slapped cheek” disease.
What are the symptoms?
While some infected individuals may not show any symptoms, children may develop a red rash on their cheeks accompanied by a fever, upset stomach, headache, and runny nose. The rash may spread to other parts of the body and show a lacey pattern. Adults, on the other hand, may experience joint pain and swelling instead of the cheek rash.
How serious is the illness?
Fifth disease is usually mild, but it can lead to acute anemia in certain individuals and pose risks to pregnant women and their unborn children. While there is no specific treatment for parvovirus B19, symptomatic relief can be provided by increasing fluid intake and using medications to alleviate fever or itchiness.
How to prevent parvovirus B19 from spreading
Preventing the spread of fifth disease involves practicing good hygiene habits like frequent handwashing and covering coughs and sneezes. It’s also important to stay home when sick and avoid contact with others who may be infected. Health care providers should be vigilant in identifying symptoms associated with parvovirus B19 infection.